Pages:  233-242 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.55086/sp256233242

This article presents a stratigraphic scale for Madzhar, a principal urban center of the Golden Horde in the North Caucasus. The proposed scale is based on data gathered over three field seasons from 2015 to 2017 by the “Сaffa” archaeological expedition. Excavations were carried out as part of the State Program of the Republic of Tatarstan, “Preservation of the National Identity of the Tatar People (2014—2021)”. Research was conducted at three excavation sites (XI–XIII) and two pits within the city area. All identified medieval cultural strata are attributed exclusively to the Golden Horde period. The stratigraphic scale developed for Madzhar comprises seven distinct layers: I — second half of the 20th to early 2st century; II — 1390s to 1420s; III — 1380s to 1390s; IV — 1360s to 1370s; V — 1340s to 1350s; VI — 1290s to 1330s; and VII — 1260s to 1290s.

Keywords: Golden Horde, Golden Horde’s city of Madzhar, Madzhar’s archaeological site, periodization, chronology, archaeology, stratigraphy, cultural deposits

Information about author:

Sergei Bocharov (Sevastopol, Crimea). Candidate of Historical Sciences. Sevastopol State University. Universitetskaya St., 33, Sevastopol, 299053, Crimea
E-mail: [email protected]
ORCID: 0000-0003-4775-4136