Pages: 126-131

The analysis of the most vivid Aurignacian industries of Check, Slovakia, Romania, Moldova and Western Ukraine allows to talk about the existence of Palaeolithic associations, the formation of which was conditioned by the activity of the assimilation process. It is manifested by a “selective” assimilation of the native population (of a certain part of Homo neanderthalensis) by the newcomers — already Homo sapiens long before. The penetration of the latter from the Near East already in the Mousterian time was being realized in the form of a poly impulse migration. It is quite probable that the native population borrowed some rational technical methods from the newcomers. The existence of a whole range of specific Upper Palaedithic articles in the industry of Chatelperron type confirms this fact. As a clear illustration of this can serve the upper Palaeolithic phenomenon of Cordevs in Zakarpatie (West Ukraine). The other part of the Upper Palaeolithic groups (they compose the majority) — typical Aurignacian groups — migrants with specific local features, who evidently, did not make contacts with the native population. Later the successors of their traditions could be Gravettian communities. This is the explanation of the Gravettian “explosion”, that coincides with the beginning of the Middle Aurignacian time, the period of the “last of the Mohicans” — Neanderthal groups that were disappearing everywhere.