Pages: 259-282

Is the Caucasian anthropological type ancient or new one? The most popular opinion tells that it is something new. But in Ciscaucasia and North-Western Caspian seaboard, the brachycranian type with big cheekbones diameter existed from the Neolithic at least. The early sculls of this type at the Caucasus were rare, but, anyway, existed as well. Next, as it was established, in the beginning the Caucasian anthropological type was inherent for North-Caucasian language family’ peoples only. This suppose that the Caucasian type appeared in the same time — i. e., in Mesolithic-Neolithic. The comparison with odontological data shows that the western variant of southern gracial type was associated with Caucasian type and North-Caucasian family as well. Whereas the so called “zero”-type — with Cartvelian family and dolichocephalic gracial, with small cheekbones diameter, population, which was coming to the Caucasus from the Western Asia. Thus, we can think that the Caucasian type appeared as a result of the same events, which, according to the author, resulted in the appearance of North-Caucasian language family and western variant of southern gracial odontological type — i. e., the migration of a certain population from the eastern part of Eurasia.

Keywords: Caucasus, Neolithic-Bronze Age, palaeoanthropology, archaeology

Information about author:

Aleksey Romanchuk (Kishinev, Moldova). Master of Anthropology. High Anthropological School University, Zimbrului St., 10a, Kishinev, MD-2024, Moldova
E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]