Pages: 11-30

The article gives an up-to-date overview of the earliest Upper Paleolithic sites and cultures on the Russian Plain. Special attention is paid to the oldest assemblages of the Kostenki-Borshevo area, their chronological position and industrial affinities. The final conclusion is that the archaeological and palaeoanthropological evidence available for Eastern Europe suggests acculturation of the local Mousterian people by incoming populations of anatomically modern humans.