Pages: 297-317

This article is in Russian
The proposed article is a generalization of materials on the history of early pastoralists, farmers and hunters of the 5 ^th—4 ^th mill. BC, published at different times and often in hard-to-access publications on the peculiar the Caucasian Mineral Waters region (Kavminvody) of the central Caucasus.
The paper notes excavations in the lower layer of Zamok settlement, dated by the end of the 5 ^th mill. BC. The discovered materials belong to the population of the Pricked Pearls Pottery culture. The other group of inhabitants belonged to the tribes of the proto-Yamnaya culture, who contributed with the rite of the burial mounds. In the 4 ^th mill. BC, sites of the Maykop variant of the Maykop-Novosvobodnenskaya community (MNC) spread in Kavminvody. A ruined burial mound was discovered, which included an axe, a hoe and a chisel, dated to the second quarter of the 4 ^th mill. BC.
The tribes of the Dolinsky variant of the MNC spread on the Kavminvody in the second half of the 4 ^th mill. BC. A proto-Middle Bronze Age type burial was discovered in burial mound 1, burial 14 of the burial ground of the 1 ^st Nezhyn group. The article addresses Paleo-climate changes, against the background of which there was a change of local cultures and epochs.

Keywords: Ciscaucasia, Copper-Bronze Age, settlement, Eneolithic, stratigraphy, Early Bronze Age, climate, palynology, chronology

Information about author:

Sergei Korenevskiy (Moscow, Russian Federation). Doctor of Historical Sciences. Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Dmitry Ulyanov St., 19, Moscow, 117292, Russian Federation
E-mail: [email protected]
ORCID: 0000-0003-4550-1143