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The origin of Ankhe industry is connected with the convergent evolution of Homo erectus populations which moved from Africa within the first migration wave of pebble-flake industries around 1,800 000—1,600 000 BP. It is not connected with the Acheulian complexes of the second wave of migration to Eurasia. Ankhe industry is documented by materials from more than 30 locations on the left bank and 2 locations on the right bank of Ba River. Representative material (about 2500 items) was discovered in stratified situation in a number of digs. This gave the base for typological and technological analysis of cores and tools. As a result, a number of simple core forms (of parallel and radial modifications), and tools (peaks, bifacial hand-axes, choppers and choppings, high scrapers) were recognized as typical for the Early Palaeolithic complexes. Bifacial Ankhe industry appeared about 800 000 BP on the local pebble-flake technological base. Similar complexes with bifacial artifacts of approximately the same age are known in Indonesia (Pajitanian complexes) and in China (Baise basin).
Keywords: Altai, Middle Palaeolithic, Levallois method, Initial Upper Palaeolithic, evolutionary model, stratigraphy, refitting, paleoecological reconstruction, radiocarbon dating
Information about authors:
Anatoliy Derevianko (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation). Doctor of Historical Sciences. Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Akademik Lavrentiev Ave., 17, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation.
E-mail: [email protected]
Sergey Gladyshev (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation). Candidate of Historical Sciences. Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Akademik Lavrentiev Ave., 17, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation.
E-mail: [email protected]
Alexander Kandyba (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation). Candidate of Historical Sciences. Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Akademik Lavrentiev Ave., 17, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation.
E-mail: [email protected]
Nguyen Gia Doi (Hanoi, Vietnam). Ph.D. Institute of Archaeology, Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences. Phan Chu Chin, 61, Hanoi, Vietnam.
E-mail: [email protected]
Nguyen Khac Su (Hanoi, Vietnam). Ph.D.
E-mail: [email protected]