Pages: 688

The monograph is the first study to summarize information about almost all Late Bronze Age adornments originating from the sites in the North Black Sea region from the turn of the third — second  — early first millennium BC. The author offers a typology of adornments; their mutual occurrence in closed complexes and their location in graves are considered. The study employed data of metallographic research and experimental study with the use of replicas of some types of adornments. Two main arrays of sites were identified based on the presence of adornments in graves and their mutual occurrence: the Western (“Right Bank”) array and the Eastern (“Left Bank”) array. The conclusions drawn on the basis of the grave goods were confirmed by the analysis of objects from hoards, settlements and stray finds, many types of which are not known in graves. The Western array includes sites of various groups of the Trzciniec cultural circle, the Noa-Sabatinovka cultural circle and the Belozerka culture. The Eastern array includes sites of the Babino cultural circle, Timber Graves and Post-Timber Graves cultures.

Editor-in-Charge:
Candidate of Historical Sciences Sergei D. Lysenko

Reviewed by:
Doctor of Historical Sciences I. V. Bruyako
Candidate of Historical Sciences S. N. Razumov

CONTENTS

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

Chapter 1. Study history of Late Bronze Age adornments in
Northern Black Sea area. Methodology  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
     1.1. History of research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
     1.2. Research methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Chapter 2. Typology of adornments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
     2.1. Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
     2.2. Bracelets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
     2.3. Torques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  . . . 73
     2.4. Fibulae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
     2.5. Finger rings, rings and rings-pendants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
     2.6. Pendants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
     2.7. Pendants and pendants-amulets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100
     2.8. Beads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
     2.9. Plates and buttons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
     2.10. Other types of adornments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Chapter 3. Adornments in funeral dress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
     3.1. Correlation of adornments in closed complexes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117
     3.2. Location of adornments in burials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
     3.3. Issues in reconstruction of funeral dress of the Late Bronze Age in
     Northern Black Sea area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .129
     3.4. Empirical studies of possible usages of bracelets and torques as
     adornments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131
Chapter 4. Ethnographic zoning of Northern Black Sea in the Late
Bronze Age, by adornments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
     Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Annex А. Catalog of Northern Black Sea sites with fi nds of Late
Bronze Age adornments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Annex Б. Index of adornments by types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .325
     Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325
     Bracelets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
     Torques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .337
     Fibulae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
     Finger rings, rings and rings-pendants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338
     Pendants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342
     Pendants and pendants-amulets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .347
     Beads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .349
     Plates and buttons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .357
     Bronze plate-bands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .358
Annex B. Revisiting cultural-chronological and functional attribution
of some adornments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .359
Annex Г. List of illustrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363
Catalog Illustrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
Published . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 631
Archival References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 651
     References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .655
List of Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .677
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 683