Pages: 237-261

The authors present a discussion on medieval settlements located in Western Kazakhstan: Kyzylkala, Ketikkala, Saraishyk, Aktobe-Laeti and Zhaiyk towns. They relate in general to the period of the 10th—14th centuries, although some of them also existed later (Saraishyk). Problems of historiography and formation of medieval urban culture, economic ties with other regions, as well as historical topography of sites based on archaeological research are discussed. Fortification of settlements, residential and farm buildings, main features of funerary rite practiced on the associated necropolises are considered.

Keywords: Western Kazakhstan, towns, Kyzylkala, Ketikkala, Zhaiyk, Aktobe-Laeti, Saraishyk, fortification, dwellings, production complexes, cemeteries

Information about authors:

Murat Kalmenov. Candidate of Historical Sciences. West Kazakhstan Engineering Humanitarian University.  Karash St., 12, Uralsk, 090000, Republic of Kazakhstan.
E-mail: [email protected]
Aliya Bizhanova. Candidate of Historical Sciences. West Kazakhstan Engineering Humanitarian University.  Karash St., 12, Uralsk, 090000, Republic of Kazakhstan.
E-mail: [email protected]